Kaila and Laura were amazing to work with. I would not hesitate to buy again from them. Super helpful/available and one of the best experiences I’ve had making such a big investment in equipment like I had to make for my practice. Way to go Cad Ray f...read moreKaila and Laura were amazing to work with. I would not hesitate to buy again from them. Super helpful/available and one of the best experiences I’ve had making such a big investment in equipment like I had to make for my practice. Way to go Cad Ray for running a solid business!read less - 11/15/2024
Yordanka Ivanova
I had been on the market for a scanner for a while and the i700 is my first intraoral scanner purchase. We are still new to the scanning world and its capabilities. Frank DeLuca was my main contact from the beginning and the person who did our traini...read moreI had been on the market for a scanner for a while and the i700 is my first intraoral scanner purchase. We are still new to the scanning world and its capabilities. Frank DeLuca was my main contact from the beginning and the person who did our training. The scanner is incredible and has surpassed our expectations even though we haven’t used it to its full potential yet. Frank has been amazing and always there to guide us every step of the way. Having such fabulous customer service and support from CAD-Ray was key for us when making this purchase decision. Thank you!read less - 6/23/2022
Joshua Mathis
Fantastic support. Bought a Medit Intraoral scanner and it has been a game changer in my practice. Can’t wait to pair a mill with the help of cadets in the future! - 6/19/2020
Andy M
It has been great to work with Laura and Heather. The purchase, financing, shipping, and training process has been smooth. The training was very comprehensive and not rushed at all. I love my Medit i-600 scanner, and I recommend CAD-RAY 100%! - 5/25/2024
Ajitha Gereddy
We purchased Medit i-500 with CAD ray last December and customer support is great.One of best thing for our practice is having intra oral scanner ,works great . Laura was very patient with our learning curve. - 12/10/2021
Sherif Gabr
I have been suing the Medit i500 scanner for a little over 2 months now and I have had great success. I have used it for implant cases, immediate dentures and single unit crowns.
What I like the most is that the software is continuously improving ...read moreI have been suing the Medit i500 scanner for a little over 2 months now and I have had great success. I have used it for implant cases, immediate dentures and single unit crowns.
What I like the most is that the software is continuously improving and adding new features.
You really can not ask for more than that! Great product, excellent support and a software development team that listens to their customers feedback!
Very happy with my purchase!!!read less - 2/26/2020
Heather with CADRay provided wonderful assistance with setting up our new scanner, and was able to work around a minor scheduling issue on my part. Top notch service! - 6/28/2024
Peipei Yu
I purchased a Medit scanner in August and I am very happy with the scanner. I was trained on an Omnicam in dental school and used Omnicam for 4 years in my associateship. The speed and quality of the Medit scanner is comparable to a CEREC scanner but...read moreI purchased a Medit scanner in August and I am very happy with the scanner. I was trained on an Omnicam in dental school and used Omnicam for 4 years in my associateship. The speed and quality of the Medit scanner is comparable to a CEREC scanner but you can’t beat the price of the Medit! I would highly recommend this if you are a beginner or pro in digital dentistry!read less - 9/22/2020
robert delaney
This summer I decided that it was time to purchase a scanner and train with my team. We could not be more excited as our experience with Laura at Cad-Ray has been just amazing. From the initial sales discussions to the support and training after the ...read moreThis summer I decided that it was time to purchase a scanner and train with my team. We could not be more excited as our experience with Laura at Cad-Ray has been just amazing. From the initial sales discussions to the support and training after the purchase I am very thankful to have purchased my Medit scanner from Cad-Ray. Every text and phone call has been given prompt attention and the after the sale support is first rate. It is a pleasure to leave a 5 star review for both the technology and for Laura!read less - 12/16/2021
Tiffany Lee
This is a unique place because it serves both dentists and patients. For patients, this is an imaging center only. There are no diagnostics done here. There is a dentist on staff, but he is only there for imaging purposes, no diagnosis. As a dentist,...read moreThis is a unique place because it serves both dentists and patients. For patients, this is an imaging center only. There are no diagnostics done here. There is a dentist on staff, but he is only there for imaging purposes, no diagnosis. As a dentist, I would say that to be fair a niche place like this couldn't be expected to bill insurances. They would have to hire an entire separate staff to deal with all the thousands of types of insurances you have. For dentists: This is a great service to your patients because if you do not own a 3d x ray machine, you don't have to invest the $200,000.00, you can refer your patients here and cad ray will send you the digital files. You can also send them files to have custom surgical guides made. The folks who work here go out of their way to explain how things work. If you don't have a doctor, they can refer you to a dentist who can diagnose your problems. I always call ahead to make an appointment.read less - 6/02/2018
Mike Capio
Nothing but good things to say about CAD-Ray. All of the education, recommendations, and products they provide are truly the best in digital dentistry at the time. - 6/20/2020
Laveen Smiles
CAD-Ray has the best customer service and support that you will ever receive from any dental company anywhere. I had an issue with a sintering oven I purchased from them. I needed immediate assistance, because I was in the middle of a case. The perso...read moreCAD-Ray has the best customer service and support that you will ever receive from any dental company anywhere. I had an issue with a sintering oven I purchased from them. I needed immediate assistance, because I was in the middle of a case. The person at CAD-RAY who had the knowledge to help me had just gotten into a car accident and was at the ER. Now most companies and people would have said “Sorry, we can’t help right now due to extenuating circumstances.” Not CAD-RAY! That person called me from the ER, in the middle of his personal problems, and gave me the needed information to solve my problem. Exceptional customer service and support is what you will get from CAD-RAY, and it won’t be for a limited time after your purchase. You won’t go wrong with a purchase from CAD-RAY.read less - 1/29/2023
John Eum
Love all the staff there. Great support and instruction from Armen, Laura, Damien. We are very grateful for Kaila who has been incredible in getting us going - very friendly, professional and responsive. Thank you! - 7/03/2024
Melissa Poynter
Very pleased with Heather :) She has been able to solve any and all issues I may be having, and does so within the same day if not right away! - 6/16/2022
Dana Mallard
Heather Gramely provided excellent costumer support today. She went above and beyond the reason I even called to update our computer and software and aid in warranty information/repairs. - 2/08/2022
Scot Bruce
We found the digital training very informative - 8/20/2021
Kurt Adamson
I purchased My first Medit i500 in Sept 2019, fairly easy to set up and learn. I was able to follow the instructions and videos without a problem. I learned tips and trick along the way by following the facebook groups. Anytime help was needed the g...read moreI purchased My first Medit i500 in Sept 2019, fairly easy to set up and learn. I was able to follow the instructions and videos without a problem. I learned tips and trick along the way by following the facebook groups. Anytime help was needed the group at Cad-Ray were quick and sincere finding a solution to problems. I ended up purchasing 2 more i500's in Dec 2019 for my other 2 offices. I didn't think I would enjoy the digital workflow as much as I do. If you on the fence like i was, just do it. get on the facebook groups and post the tips you learn along the way.read less - 1/17/2020
Cad-Ray is the absolute best if you're in the market for digital dental tools. I have purchased two Medit scanners through them. There will be hiccups with any complex piece of machinery, but every time I have needed Cad-Ray, they have been there. I ...read moreCad-Ray is the absolute best if you're in the market for digital dental tools. I have purchased two Medit scanners through them. There will be hiccups with any complex piece of machinery, but every time I have needed Cad-Ray, they have been there. I recently had a scanner go down. I called Cad-Ray tech support and they got me on the phone with Medit immediately. Within a day, a replacement scanner was sitting on my desk. It doesn't get much better than that.read less - 10/03/2024
jeremiah choi
Never had customer care like Cad-Ray, you can't go wrong purchasing through them. Trios is a great scanner. All the reps at Cad-Ray are very knowledgeable and helpful and will make sure you are up and running smoothly. Above and beyond customer serv...read moreNever had customer care like Cad-Ray, you can't go wrong purchasing through them. Trios is a great scanner. All the reps at Cad-Ray are very knowledgeable and helpful and will make sure you are up and running smoothly. Above and beyond customer service.read less - 8/27/2022
After using the medit i500 scanner at an office as an employee, I purchased it from Cad-ray,com specifically because of their good reviews and their large, concise training library of videos. I've used CEREC as an instructor at a dental school and bo...read moreAfter using the medit i500 scanner at an office as an employee, I purchased it from Cad-ray,com specifically because of their good reviews and their large, concise training library of videos. I've used CEREC as an instructor at a dental school and bought a used Planscan, Planmill for my private office. Both were hard to learn and the fees and cost associated with training were a bitter pill to swallow after the costs to purchase. The ease of seating restoration was instant. The scanning learning curve is quick. I have easily added occlusal guard scanning, and implant scanning and will be trying a digital denture soon.
The purchase was easy, the product came quickly and the set-up videos guided me through very necessary adjustments to my Laptop I never knew I needed. Learning the new features with each FREE update is a treat. The DIY option was an extra bonus as the $2000 rebate came without having to ask for it. Cad-ray has delivered more than I expected with the purchase of the fantastic Mediti500 scanner.
I've included my cart set up. purchased from Amazon for $68. Its stable, has room for the necessities. I've taken it home and back to the office half a dozen times and it transports the scanner safely. It also keeps the cords from being run over. I haven't taken the included 2 day course but look forward too it after Social Distancing mandates are lifted.read less - 4/25/2020
Very great company, especially Frank. He is very helpful and has saved us a lot of money on resin for our 3D printers. We've recently bought a new scanner and Exocad software. He has been very gracious and quick to respond with the many questions I h...read moreVery great company, especially Frank. He is very helpful and has saved us a lot of money on resin for our 3D printers. We've recently bought a new scanner and Exocad software. He has been very gracious and quick to respond with the many questions I have had. Highly recommend Cad-Rayread less - 1/25/2023
Ryan Buckwalter
Couldn't have had a better experience. The training was excellent, and they've been great to work with. I recently had an issue that required a warranty claim. The process was super easy, and completely hassle free. In fact, I'm still in shock at...read moreCouldn't have had a better experience. The training was excellent, and they've been great to work with. I recently had an issue that required a warranty claim. The process was super easy, and completely hassle free. In fact, I'm still in shock at how great they were about the whole thing. I would (and do) highly recommend this company.read less - 2/09/2021
Shant Aharonian
Cad-ray has to be the best company to work with when it comes to digital dentistry solutions. Here are the reasons why: 1. Experience. Everyone in the company has extensive experience in dentistry. They have used all digital platforms and offer custo...read moreCad-ray has to be the best company to work with when it comes to digital dentistry solutions. Here are the reasons why: 1. Experience. Everyone in the company has extensive experience in dentistry. They have used all digital platforms and offer customers first hand experience. 2. Honesty. Based on their experience they share all the good/bad of different systems. They work with you to find a solution that works best for you. Not sell you the piece of the equipment that gives them the biggest commission. 3. Support. Cad-ray offers the missing piece of the dentist/digital manufacturer puzzle. Many other distributors sell you a piece of equipment but don’t have true day-to-day experience with that equipment. Cad-ray’s team openly share their expertise to help customers optimize their workflows with great technology. 4. Passionate. The Cad-ray team is extremely passionate about their craft. They truly believe in what they have to offer. I took Armen Mirzayan’s course on intraoral scanning and it was truly mind blowing. Armen’s insights will help any dentist optimize their craft. I purchased the full sprintray 3d printing ecosystem the help of Frank. I plan to purchase more equipment from cad-ray. Also, Jesse is a genius in regards to all aspect of digital workflows. I’m truly grateful for this company and everyone who I’ve worked with so far.read less - 10/07/2022
Aaron Gelfand
Worked with Laura and she is incredibly knowledgeable. She gave me all the right advice and steered me in the right direction. Her ongoing support is as good as it gets. I feel like I have a 24 hour team at my beckoning call. For the meat and pot...read moreWorked with Laura and she is incredibly knowledgeable. She gave me all the right advice and steered me in the right direction. Her ongoing support is as good as it gets. I feel like I have a 24 hour team at my beckoning call. For the meat and potatoes. I got an Icam 4D from her and now I am printing all on 4 arches same day surgery at our practice in Denver(NUSET). We are going to put ICams and Trios’ in all our offices thanks to Laura and the Cad-Ray team. If you have any questions about the workflow and the success we are having with the Digital work flow call Laura and I will help you succeed with her product support.Thank you Laura and Cad-Ray!read less - 4/28/2022
Debra Haselton DDS PLC
I had a training session with Laila this morning and she was fantastic! Very organized training, easy to follow and was able to get my scanner up and running. Thank you Kaila! - 1/06/2022
LoAn Huynh
Erika is one of a kind! She truly is patient with me. She has gone above and beyond to help me every time I call her. We have a few locations and she is always prompt in her responses and always manages to find a solution for me. I wish every rep was...read moreErika is one of a kind! She truly is patient with me. She has gone above and beyond to help me every time I call her. We have a few locations and she is always prompt in her responses and always manages to find a solution for me. I wish every rep was reachable ALL THE TIME and helpful! Thank you Erika! ❤️read less - 6/04/2025
Peipei Yu
I purchased a Medit scanner in August and I am very happy with the scanner. I was trained on an Omnicam in dental school and used Omnicam for 4 years in my associateship. The speed and quality of the Medit scanner is comparable to a CEREC scanner but...read moreI purchased a Medit scanner in August and I am very happy with the scanner. I was trained on an Omnicam in dental school and used Omnicam for 4 years in my associateship. The speed and quality of the Medit scanner is comparable to a CEREC scanner but you can’t beat the price of the Medit! I would highly recommend this if you are a beginner or pro in digital dentistry!read less - 9/21/2020
Arielle Forbes
Just got my Medit IOS delivered last week and the service from Jon was great! I had a ton of questions before placing the order and he happily answered. This is the type of customer support many dental suppliers are missing. Great company to work wit...read moreJust got my Medit IOS delivered last week and the service from Jon was great! I had a ton of questions before placing the order and he happily answered. This is the type of customer support many dental suppliers are missing. Great company to work with.read less - 6/19/2020
Inna Vinnikov
Frank was fantastic in helping me obtain my medit scanner. He answered all of my questions in detail. After the purchase of the scanner, he continued to follow up with me and presently remains a tremendous support with any concerns that may arise. Wa...read moreFrank was fantastic in helping me obtain my medit scanner. He answered all of my questions in detail. After the purchase of the scanner, he continued to follow up with me and presently remains a tremendous support with any concerns that may arise. Was a great experience overall from transitioning my practice into a digital world!read less - 1/25/2023
Russell Schafer
Overall great company to work with. They sell wondeful products and give stellar service for a much lower price than any of the supply houses. I can't recommend them enough. - 8/19/2022
P. Andrew Benson
For me, getting this scanner was not a choice between Medit vs Itero or Medit vs Trios. Those companies have already eliminated themselves from consideration based on ridiculous cost, ridiculous ongoing fees, and greater concern for petty proprieta...read moreFor me, getting this scanner was not a choice between Medit vs Itero or Medit vs Trios. Those companies have already eliminated themselves from consideration based on ridiculous cost, ridiculous ongoing fees, and greater concern for petty proprietary posturing than for ensuring full functionality of their products to their usership. Typical dental tech company stuff.
The real decision was between Medit vs continuing life in analog dentistry. Medit through Cad-ray was really the only choice. Awesome packages , awesome access to free training videos, awesome software updates, awesome access to live support, awesome support staff.
There's just nothing better in dentistry than to get a great product AND a chance to stick it to the man.read less - 6/16/2020
The D.I.Y. Medit i500 package was right for me. I bought a nice gaming PC for my 2 operative rooms, downloaded the software, watched some videos, and started scanning. It's really easy to use, my crowns fit better with fewer adjustments, and they cos...read moreThe D.I.Y. Medit i500 package was right for me. I bought a nice gaming PC for my 2 operative rooms, downloaded the software, watched some videos, and started scanning. It's really easy to use, my crowns fit better with fewer adjustments, and they cost less because they are made model-less and without impression materials. I will start to see a return on investment in less than 2 years and it makes my work more fun, and I can deliver better results. Armen puts on a 2 day course which is very helpful to refine your technique. Start with watching the videos, scan your employees, and then use it on patients. I considered buying an iTero Element 2 and I'm so glad I didn't. The Medit is smaller, as good or better, and it costs ~$25,000 less over the course of 5 years. Ongoing fees for other scanners are a joke. Medit keeps providing updates that make the software even better and there are no additional charges.read less - 3/29/2020
Can not say enough great things about Cad-Ray. Purchase an intraoral scanner from them and have had to have their support team help out a couple of times. They are top notch! I will be purchasing all of my tech they offer through them - 7/07/2022
Lawrence Falender
W are an Oral Surgery practice. We started treating TMD patients with the Urbanek TMJ device and decided to switch from impressions to a scanner. We have no past experience with using a scanner. Ryan was very nurturing and patient. Though we are no...read moreW are an Oral Surgery practice. We started treating TMD patients with the Urbanek TMJ device and decided to switch from impressions to a scanner. We have no past experience with using a scanner. Ryan was very nurturing and patient. Though we are not ready to make the switch, we are well on our way. Looking forward to our next session.read less - 11/21/2022
Krystyna
I recently purchased Medit scanner and my assistant and I went through training with Andy. He was great, knowledgeable and patient with us. Customer service is great! - 2/05/2023
Christopher Chin
This was my intro into intraoral scanning and I did research for quite awhile. The i500 and the team at Cad Ray are top notch. The company has done such a great job putting this scanner in the ranks of the premier ones. With constant updates it gets...read moreThis was my intro into intraoral scanning and I did research for quite awhile. The i500 and the team at Cad Ray are top notch. The company has done such a great job putting this scanner in the ranks of the premier ones. With constant updates it gets better and better (though I’m still behind on updates). My crowns have never been better. They drop right in with no models. I didn’t believe it but I’m loving digital dentistry. I can’t wait to go to the class after COVID calms down!read less - 6/16/2020
Last year when I started looking into the Medit i500 I had my front desk call 3 sellers to get preliminary information. She told me hands down call CAD-RAY and don’t bother with the others. Boy was she right! Frank got us going with all our hardware ...read moreLast year when I started looking into the Medit i500 I had my front desk call 3 sellers to get preliminary information. She told me hands down call CAD-RAY and don’t bother with the others. Boy was she right! Frank got us going with all our hardware needs and trained us until all our questions were answered. Then Jonathon and Armen jumped in at our 2 day live training in Baltimore. I still review my notes to implement all the great ideas. When I get myself in a jam time to time CAD-RAY responds immediately and fixes my problem. Best decision I have made in the practice in a long time - Thank you everyone at CAD-RAY!read less - 10/09/2019
I had 3 Cerec machines and switched to medit. It’s awesome and do not regret the switch one bit. This is the place to buy it bc Armen and Frank are a wealth of knowledge and Frank is awesome with support. He’s always there whenever I need him! - 10/10/2019
Support was our main concern, and we chose very carefully. Frank is 100% every step of the way - 1/25/2023
Charlyn Quiec
Fast response. Customer service eager to help and very friendly. :) - 3/21/2023
Graham Reed
I got the Medit scanner last fall and I have been nothing but impressed by it and the support by CAD-Ray. The level of support, training videos, and continuously upgraded software is really impressive. If you are on the fence, you should feel confide...read moreI got the Medit scanner last fall and I have been nothing but impressed by it and the support by CAD-Ray. The level of support, training videos, and continuously upgraded software is really impressive. If you are on the fence, you should feel confident in moving forward with CAD-Ray.read less - 6/16/2020
Mark Evans
I’d like to tell you a story about CAD-Ray.com.
I ordered a VHF N4+ from CadRay. About two weeks after the order was placed, they called me up and said, “VHF just got an exclusive with “The Big Boys” so they are cutting ties with all the little ind...read moreI’d like to tell you a story about CAD-Ray.com.
I ordered a VHF N4+ from CadRay. About two weeks after the order was placed, they called me up and said, “VHF just got an exclusive with “The Big Boys” so they are cutting ties with all the little independent distributors. They just called us, and we just found out. What this means is that we won’t be able to provide you service after purchasing the VHF mill that you just bought.”
Now, they could have just left it at that. They could have said, “Sorry, it’s out of our hands.” They could have said, “We appreciate your business, but it’s not our fault.” They could have said, “That’s the way the cookie crumbles.”
But they didn’t.
Frank Weinstein calls me up and tells me that they want to make this right, so they are going to hook me up with a brand new Imes Coritec One+ for the same price as the VHF. The Coritec One+ is like the Mercedes of mills for in-office. This is the new model that just barely came out. It is a 5 axis mill. It does wet and dry milling. It does blocks and pucks. It mills all materials know to man, including Vibranium. It can also fly the space shuttle, and make all your wishes and dreams come true. It’s that good. It came with the laptop, Exocad, all the tools, and all the bells and whistles. It came fully loaded. It came white glove delivered to my office. It came with in office training. It came with the extra bur package. It came with everything and the kitchen sink.
So, I paid 36k for a mill, and because of something that was not Cad-Rays fault, they ended up giving me a 60k mill for the same price.
In the words of the great Tony Stark: “That’s how Dad did it. That’s how Cad-Ray does it. And it’s worked out pretty well so far.”
Thank you Frank Weinstein and Armen Mirzayan for having outstanding customer service and going the extra mile every time.read less - 4/02/2021
A Palmer
I'm a dentist in Maine and have been working remotely with CAD-RAY for about 5 years. They do all my implant planning and fabrication of surgical guides. I just send them a CBCT image and digital impressions and they take care of all the rest, it cou...read moreI'm a dentist in Maine and have been working remotely with CAD-RAY for about 5 years. They do all my implant planning and fabrication of surgical guides. I just send them a CBCT image and digital impressions and they take care of all the rest, it couldn't be smoother. I've only had good experiences with CAD-RAY, and am very grateful for this awesome service they offer.read less - 6/02/2019
Robin Thoman
Instant support, nice people at Cad-Ray but LOTS of trouble getting CIT 12m same-as-cash approval as offered. CIT fumbled around for 7d in finding credit report. Eventually fed up with inactivity or support after lifting Equifax credit freeze and d...read moreInstant support, nice people at Cad-Ray but LOTS of trouble getting CIT 12m same-as-cash approval as offered. CIT fumbled around for 7d in finding credit report. Eventually fed up with inactivity or support after lifting Equifax credit freeze and directed to Experian quagmire of automated phone calling tree.read less - 1/09/2021
Adam Bond
Purchased a Medit i500 from CAD-Ray earlier this year and I really like the scannner. It has great features at a great price point. And the support of the CAD-Ray team has been awesome. They have a great amount of online resources for the DIYers and ...read morePurchased a Medit i500 from CAD-Ray earlier this year and I really like the scannner. It has great features at a great price point. And the support of the CAD-Ray team has been awesome. They have a great amount of online resources for the DIYers and have helpful employees to help after the sale as well. I highly recommend them.read less - 6/16/2020
Island Dental Lab
Just got my Medit IOS delivered last week and the service from Jon was great! I had a ton of questions before placing the order and he happily answered. This is the type of customer support many dental suppliers are missing. Great company to work wit...read moreJust got my Medit IOS delivered last week and the service from Jon was great! I had a ton of questions before placing the order and he happily answered. This is the type of customer support many dental suppliers are missing. Great company to work with.read less - 6/23/2020
Michael Gagaoudakis
Awesome company. The video collection CAD-Ray has put together for their equipment is unparalleled. There is literally no other company that has a library of learning tools like Armen and his team have put together. I highly recommend this company if...read moreAwesome company. The video collection CAD-Ray has put together for their equipment is unparalleled. There is literally no other company that has a library of learning tools like Armen and his team have put together. I highly recommend this company if you are considering making a digital equipment investment. 5 stars!read less - 6/16/2020
Brenden Rogers
This company is excellent. Their knowledge, support, and sincerity is unmatched.Thank you, Frank, Damien, and Jonathan. You guys rock! - 5/08/2025
Thomas Lim
5 stars for a great product and great service. After much research I knew I was set on the Medit 500. I considered some of my local equipment reps, as well as cad-ray. Cad-ray won out due to their efficiency, speed of service, and knowledge. The...read more5 stars for a great product and great service. After much research I knew I was set on the Medit 500. I considered some of my local equipment reps, as well as cad-ray. Cad-ray won out due to their efficiency, speed of service, and knowledge. Their online presence makes it easy to get help via messaging, social media, or phone.
The scanner itself works great, but make sure to contact them to get the minimum specs required for a laptop -- it will make a difference in how the scanner performs.
To make the scanner mobile, I purchased this cart from Staples: https://www.staples.com/Oklahoma-Sound-Premium-Audio-Visual-Presentation-Cart-40-1-2-H-x-18-W-x-30-D-Black-Ivory-Wood/product_932437.
Lastly, I purchased "3M Dual Lock Fastener" to keep the power module attached to the wand from falling off the cart. I carry the scanner between two offices, so I wanted something sturdy, but removable. (see in photos). The hockey puck shaped holder (comes with the scanner) works great for holding the wand itself.read less - 10/10/2019